{"id":7236,"date":"2020-09-24T11:50:09","date_gmt":"2020-09-24T11:50:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wp.rinconeducativo.org\/?recursos=nikolai-nikolayevich-semionov-gran-fisico-quimico-y-matematico"},"modified":"2024-12-13T10:21:22","modified_gmt":"2024-12-13T09:21:22","slug":"nikolai-nikolayevich-semionov-descubrio-metodo-medir-campo-magnetico-nucleo-atomico","status":"publish","type":"re_recurso","link":"https:\/\/rinconeducativo.org\/es\/recursos-educativos\/nikolai-nikolayevich-semionov-descubrio-metodo-medir-campo-magnetico-nucleo-atomico\/","title":{"rendered":"Nikol\u00e1i Nikol\u00e1yevich Semi\u00f3nov, descubri\u00f3 un m\u00e9todo para medir el campo magn\u00e9tico del n\u00facleo at\u00f3mico"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

15 de abril de 1896, Sar\u00e1tov (Imperio Ruso) \u2013 25 de septiembre de 1986, Mosc\u00fa (actualmente Rusia)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Estudi\u00f3 f\u00edsica, qu\u00edmica y matem\u00e1ticas en la Universidad de San Petersburgo y, en 1920, comenz\u00f3 a dirigir el laboratorio de fen\u00f3menos electr\u00f3nicos del Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Leningrado.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Desde 1931, obtuvo el puesto de director del Instituto de Qu\u00edmica F\u00edsica de la Academia de Ciencias de la URSS y, desde 1943, fue catedr\u00e1tico del Instituto de Qu\u00edmica F\u00edsica de la Universidad de Mosc\u00fa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Interesado inicialmente en el estudio de la f\u00edsica molecular y de los fen\u00f3menos electr\u00f3nicos, en 1922, junto a Piotr Kapitsa <\/a>descubri\u00f3 un m\u00e9todo para medir el campo magn\u00e9tico de un n\u00facleo at\u00f3mico, que posteriormente ser\u00eda mejorado por Otto Stern y Walther Gerlach.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En 1925, junto a Y\u00e1kov Fr\u00e9nkel estudi\u00f3 la cin\u00e9tica de la condensaci\u00f3n y adsorci\u00f3n de los vapores. En 1927, estudi\u00f3 la ionizaci\u00f3n de los gases, as\u00ed como la qu\u00edmica del electr\u00f3n y, un a\u00f1o m\u00e1s tarde, junto a Vald\u00edmir Fok, cre\u00f3 la teor\u00eda de la descarga rota de diel\u00e9ctricos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Posteriormente se dedic\u00f3 a la cin\u00e9tica qu\u00edmica con grandes aportaciones a lo largo de su carrera y al campo de las reacciones qu\u00edmicas en cadena.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Recibi\u00f3 el Premio Nobel de Qu\u00edmica en 1956 junto con el qu\u00edmico ingl\u00e9s Cyril Norman Hinshelwood, por sus investigaciones acerca del mecanismo de las reacciones qu\u00edmicas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Entre sus principales publicaciones est\u00e1n \u201cChemical Kinetic and Chain Reactions<\/em>\u201d (1934) y \u201cSome Problems of Chemical Kinetics and Reactivity<\/em>\u201d (1954).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fue miembro de diversas sociedades qu\u00edmicas en varios pa\u00edses y doctor honoris causa<\/em> por diferentes universidades. Adem\u00e1s, recibi\u00f3 cinco insignias de la Orden de Lenin, la Insignia Roja al Trabajo y la Medalla de Oro Lomonosov (1969).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nikol\u00e1i Nikol\u00e1yevich Semi\u00f3nov, descubri\u00f3 un m\u00e9todo para medir el campo magn\u00e9tico del n\u00facleo at\u00f3mico.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1088,"featured_media":18039,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"tags":[6255,5699,8309,5684,8346],"edad":[7029,7030,7031,7028],"recursos_tipo":[7014],"recursos_tema":[7010,6992,7011,6999,7006,7099,7094],"clasificacion_anterior":[],"class_list":["post-7236","re_recurso","type-re_recurso","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","tag-atomos","tag-electricidad","tag-electromagnetismo","tag-energia-nuclear","tag-magnetismo","edad-de-6-a-12","edad-de-12-a-16","edad-mas-16","edad-todas-las-edades","recursos_tipo-personajes","recursos_tema-ciencia","recursos_tema-electricidad","recursos_tema-energia","recursos_tema-energia-nuclear","recursos_tema-fision","recursos_tema-magnetismo","recursos_tema-premios-nobel"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nNikol\u00e1i Nikol\u00e1yevich Semi\u00f3nov, descubri\u00f3 un m\u00e9todo para medir el campo magn\u00e9tico del n\u00facleo at\u00f3mico - 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