{"id":21695,"date":"2020-07-21T11:24:39","date_gmt":"2020-07-21T09:24:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rinconeducativo.org\/efemerides\/21-de-julio-de-1620-nace-jean-picard-primero-en-dar-una-medida-exacta-del-radio\/"},"modified":"2024-07-01T13:46:37","modified_gmt":"2024-07-01T11:46:37","slug":"july-21-1620-birth-jean-picard-first-give-exact-measurement-radius-earth","status":"publish","type":"re_efemeride","link":"https:\/\/rinconeducativo.org\/en\/anniversaries\/july-21-1620-birth-jean-picard-first-give-exact-measurement-radius-earth\/","title":{"rendered":"July 21, 1620 \u2013 Birth of Jean Picard, the first to give an exact measurement of the radius of the Earth"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n
\"Jean<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

French astronomer and priest who began his career as a disciple of Pierre Gassendi, whom he helped with the observations of a solar eclipse on August 21, 1645, and lunar eclipses in 1646 and 1647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1666, he became a member of the Acad\u00e9mie Royale des Sciences<\/em>, just after its foundation, and from then on he devoted himself to working for the academy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

He introduced important changes that improved numerous observation instruments, such as the design of a micrometer to measure the diameters of celestial objects such as the Sun, the Moon, and the planets. In 1667, he added a telescopic sight to the quadrant making it much more useful for observations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1670, he made the first meridian measurement in France, between Sourdon and Malvoisine, which provided a highly accurate measurement of the radius of the Earth. The figure he offered was 6,327.9 km, while the current one is 6,357 km, which means that Picard was only wrong by a margin of 0.44%, regarding the current measurement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The techniques used for measurement led him to map the Paris region and he joined a project to map France.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The calculation of the radius of the Earth served as the basis for Newton, in 1684, to confirm the truth of his law of universal gravitation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1671, he traveled to Tycho Brahe's observatory (Sweden) to pinpoint his location so that Tycho's observations could be directly compared with others. During his stay, he works with Ole R\u00f8mer<\/a>, observing eclipses of Jupiter's moon Io. He then returns to the Paris observatory (1673) and shortly after Ole R\u00f8mer moves to continue observing the moons of Jupiter. It was from the data they both collected that R\u00f8mer was able to calculate the speed of light.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is in the Paris observatory where he contributes to the discovery that the Earth is not a perfect sphere, but rather is flattened at the poles and participates in the measurement of the parallax of Mars.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

If you want to know more about this scientist, click on the following link: Jean Picard<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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